Leopold Carl Müller (1834–1892) was an Austrian artist known for his Orientalist paintings, which captured the life and landscapes of the Middle East with great detail and colourfulness. He was born in Dresden but grew up in Vienna, where he later studied at the Academy of Fine Arts under, among others, Karl von Blaas. Müller began his career as an illustrator and genre painter, but after several trips to Egypt in the 1870s, his artistic focus changed dramatically.

Inspired by his encounters with the cultures, environments, and people of the Orient, he became one of the leading representatives of Orientalism in Central Europe. His works are characterised by a realistic depiction of everyday life in the Middle East, often with a romanticised or exoticised tone typical of the Western gaze of the time. Müller later taught at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna and had a significant influence on the next generation of artists, including Gustav Klimt.

Through his artistic practice, Leopold Carl Müller contributed to shaping the European image of the Orient during the second half of the 19th century, and his paintings continue to fascinate for their technical skill and period-typical depictions.