Johannes Moninckx was a Dutch painter and draughtsman best known for his botanical illustrations. He worked during the later part of the Dutch Golden Age and primarily in Amsterdam, where he was appreciated for his detailed and scientifically accurate depictions of plants.

Moninckx gained his greatest significance through his work on the famous Moninckx Atlas, a comprehensive collection of botanical illustrations documenting plants cultivated in the Hortus Medicus botanical garden in Amsterdam. The project was commissioned by the city authorities and executed by several artists, but Moninckx was the most prominent illustrator and lent his name to the atlas.

The illustrations were created as watercolours and depicted exotic plants that had been brought to the Netherlands through trade and shipping. During the 17th century, Amsterdam was an important centre for international trade, and the city's botanical collections included species from Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Moninckx's paintings thus became not only works of art but also important scientific documents.

His style is characterised by precision, vibrant colours, and great attention to the structure and details of the plants. The works were used by both botanists and physicians and contributed to the dissemination of knowledge about medicinal plants and exotic species in Europe.

Today, the Moninckx Atlas is regarded as one of the most significant botanical picture books in the history of the Netherlands, and Moninckx is considered one of the foremost botanical illustrators of his time.