In China, starting from Song dynasty (960-1279 AD), naturally occurring eroded rocks were highly appreciated. They were usually placed in gardens or study rooms for meditative or aesthetic purposes. In English they are called scholar’s rocks, because they were often found in scholar’s study rooms.
The most appreciated ones were naturally carved by erosion. However, erosive marks were sometimes craftily enhanced such as in the example below. An artist would drill small holes in a rock of an erodible material and afterwards threw it into a lake or river.