At the beginning of the 20th century, design was in an exciting period of transition: traditional craftsmanship met industrialization, and new styles emerged that brought beauty into everyday life. The dominant trend was Jugend, also known in Europe as Art Nouveau. Jugend pieces were often more restrained than the often lavish Art Nouveau creations, yet they stood out for their careful finish and clear structure. Art Nouveau, on the other hand, captivated with its flowing lines: the surfaces of objects rippled like plant stems, and the decoration drew its motifs from nature. Overall, early 20th-century design represented a bright and hopeful phase of change, where nature-inspired ornamentation, an appreciation for craftsmanship, and the clean lines of the modern world were woven together to create objects that reflected the optimism and refined sense of beauty of the time.