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"The Verdict" by Dan Wolgers from the Tom Böttiger Collection.

Dan Wolgers

"The Verdict"

"The Verdict" is one of Dan Wolgers' most renowned artworks, and it secured its place in Swedish art history the moment it was signed. However, simultaneously, it was torn from its actual context and into its realm, where myth and reality gradually merged. Here, Dan Wolgers has, in his own words, compiled the background to this legendary ready-made:

In the spring of 1992, Liljevalchs invited about twenty Swedish artists to participate in a group exhibition scheduled to open in November of the same year. The exhibition was titled "Se människan," which translates to "Behold the Man," the words Pontius Pilate uttered when he presented the scourged Jesus to the roaring crowd just before the crucifixion. It is tempting to interpret the title as if the art hall considered itself to be presenting (consecrated) art to an uncomprehending audience.

For the vernissage, an exhibition catalog was to be compiled with a simple presentation of the participating artists. I accepted the invitation, aware of the conditions regarding exhibition compensation that prevailed at the time. The concept of exhibition compensation did not exist yet (it wasn't until 2009 that the so-called MU agreement was signed between the state and several artistic organizations). In 1992, and probably still in practice, artists negotiated individually with the organizers (in this case, Liljevalchs) and competed with each other for compensation until the exhibition's meager budget was exhausted. Those who received grants could get one or two thousand Swedish kronor. Still, typically, the organizer claimed that it was sufficient compensation for the artists to have the opportunity to exhibit their works for free. In practice, the artist at the bottom of the chain funded the art hall's mission to showcase art to the public with their money and labor.





In January 2005, Maria Miesenberger presented the sculpture series "Hide & Seek" for the first time. It has since been exhibited at numerous museums and institutions nationwide and is greatly beloved. The complete suite consists of three sculptures: one standing with hands covering the eyes, one creeping on all fours, and the third, sneaking and crawling.





In January 2005, Maria Miesenberger presented the sculpture series "Hide & Seek" for the first time. It has since been exhibited at numerous museums and institutions nationwide and is greatly beloved. The complete suite consists of three sculptures: one standing with hands covering the eyes, one creeping on all fours, and the third, sneaking and crawling.


Since I had requested that the benches not be placed back in my completed space in the art hall, they were placed in another artist's room on a raised pedestal with a surrounding rope, and the whole thing was surrounded by piles of press clippings about the benches.

During the exhibition, when visitors came to see my empty space and the nail holes from the stolen sign, and the repurchased benches on the catafalque, I was reported to the police by two private individuals, independently of each other. My offense fell under public prosecution, and the prosecutor determined the charge to be embezzlement. I was called in for questioning, provided a detailed account of the factual circumstances, and admitted guilt. Eventually, a trial followed for which I had been assigned a publicly funded defense attorney, but neither of us had anything to add. In the courtroom, there was a school class and some art connoisseurs. The verdict would be delivered at a later date.

After it became known through the newspapers that the unopened envelope had been sold, and the proceeds had gone toward fines and the next exhibition, the media frenzy lost interest as it could no longer keep up with the twists and turns.

I moved on, and so did the envelope in its way.

Dan Wolgers
› Tom Böttiger caught on camera after acquiring Dan Wolgers' "The Judgment," 2016.


The work will be sold at Tom Böttiger Collection

Estimate: 300 000 - 400 000 SEK


Viewing September 29 – October 4, Berzelii Park 1, Stockholm
Live Auction October 5, Arsenalsgatan 2, Stockholm


Read more about the auction

To the catalogue



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